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PTSD

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma

by admin on June 25, 2009

Treatment for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma in Newport Beach, California.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma Treatment at Morningside Recovery.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma sufferers also face addiction issues

Drinking to excess or abusing drugs are methods millions of people use to cope with events that are out of their hands, or that they find upsetting or that make them uncomfortable.

This holds true for the alcoholic who is trying to forget a lost relationship. Or a heroin addict who is attempting to suppress memories of his childhood with a needle.

For those who suffer severe trauma or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), it can be difficult to stop thinking about what happened to them during a specific life-threatening event. These experiences are much worse than those suffered by most of the population. And, like all who suffer from emotional and mental maladies, escape through self-medication can appear to be an attractive solution. For those in the armed forces, PTSD might be sparked by a battlefield situation – unspeakable traumas, such as a close buddy dying in their arms, or witnessing other horrors of war at close quarters.

Many of the firemen and emergency crews involved in the triple tragedies of 9/11 suffered extreme trauma. Then there are those who find themselves as witnesses, victims or volunteers at airplane crash sites or natural disasters such as hurricanes and fires. Many of them become burdened with PTSD or other trauma. And, of course, there are those who suffer rape, torture or severe beatings at the hands of others.

A common thread running through many of these victims is the urgent need to remove mental images of the event from their heads, and to steer clear of people and places that might be a reminder of their own personal hell. Another similarity is denial. Many who suffer PTSD or trauma don’t seek treatment, progressing instead to heavy drinking or drug use.

Symptoms of PTSD include nightmares, isolation from friends, irritability, constant replaying of the event that prompted the trauma, and distrust of people – even those close to the sufferer.

Trauma is an experience of being emotionally confronted by something that isn’t normally expected in childhood or during a lifetime. And a surprisingly large number of alcoholics and addicts report such symptoms after entering treatment.

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common diagnosis for addicts in drug and alcohol treatment. A report by the Navy Times claims 52 percent of those suffering PTSD have also been diagnosed with alcohol addiction and another 35 percent with drug abuse. That’s about double the rate of the general public for alcohol dependence. For drug abuse, it’s nearly three times that of adults in general. For some sufferers, addiction to alcohol or drugs begins after experiencing a traumatic event, and is used as a strategy to cope. For others, the addiction was already a problem before they experienced the trauma, so the event triggered even more abuse.

Once the addict seeks help, it is not uncommon for traumatic events from the past to emerge early in treatment. As a result, it is important to have a treatment program that offers recovery options for both addiction and PTSD or trauma.

As is the case for drug and alcohol addiction, trauma recovery is an event that occurs in stages. Safety is the first stage in the healing process, and it begins when the addict walks through the door for treatment. The client identifies the problem, becomes clean and sober, learns ways to remove themselves from destructive relationships and situations, and learns tools in order to stabilize moods and trauma.

The second stage involves mourning. This is a time to grieve about the losses that occurred to bring about PTSD or a major trauma. A therapist is a major factor in this stage, offering advice, knowledge and support.

And Stage Three is reconnecting – putting the pieces back together so the client can begin to blend in with his or her environment and accept others in a new light.

There are distinct similarities between recovery from alcohol and drug addiction and recovery from trauma/PTSD. Both require stability and then a thorough searching of other issues. The stability comes from working with therapists and counselors to treat both the PTSD and the addiction. In the case of trauma, that involves learning skills to cope with trauma, fully understanding the disorder, and in some cases, the introduction of medication.

Professional treatment for PTSD is available, and many who have suffered co-occurring disorders have healed from both the trauma and their drug or alcohol addiction.

At Morningside, Quality, Caring Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma Treatment is Affordable.

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In recovery from substance abuse, it is important to not only address the addiction itself, but also any mental health issues that the addict suffers from as well. Here, trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder will be discussed as it relates to addiction.

Trauma, the experience of being emotionally overwhelmed by something that is not to be expected in your childhood or lifetime, is commonly reported by addicts as they enter treatment. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), a set of emotional problems that can occur after someone has experienced a trauma, is a common diagnosis for addicts in drug and alcohol treatment. Among women in treatment for substance abuse, 30%-59% have a current PTSD diagnosis. Among men in treatment, 11%-38% have a current PTSD diagnosis. These statistics only include those “reporting” the symptoms, but it is believed that the percentages are actually higher. For instance, it is estimated that 90% of women in treatment have experienced trauma in their lifetime.

With these rates of trauma and PTSD, it is clear that addiction and trauma/PTSD are linked. It is important for the addict to understand the link and also to understand the symptoms that can occur with PTSD- nightmares, flashbacks, or intrusive images, numbing, dissociation, and hypervigilance. For some, the addiction follows a trauma and is utilized as a coping strategy. For others, the addiction has already begun when they experience the trauma and then spirals afterward. Once the addict enters treatment, it is common to have traumatic events from the past and PTSD symptoms surface early in recovery, so it is important to have a treatment program that offers treatment from both.

Trauma/PTSD recovery is possible as you heal from addiction. As in recovery around addiction, trauma recovery happens in stages. The first stage in healing is safety. This stage is the stage all addicts are in when they enter treatment for addiction. At this stage, you are to become clean and sober, remove yourself from destructive situations/relationships, learn skills to stabilize your mood and any PTSD symptoms, and attain stability.

Stage two is mourning. In this stage you are already feeling safe within yourself and your environment. This is a time of grieving about the past and the losses that resulted from the trauma. The work at this stage is usually done with a therapist who can assist in the process and support you through this time. Stage three is reconnection. After you have completed stage two you can begin to connect to your environment and others in a new way.

It is important for these stages to be completed in order, to assure that you are safe and able to work through the grief and loss in a healthy way. Many addicts have used drugs and alcohol to numb the pain experienced around their trauma or PTSD symptoms. If the addict isn’t safe before processing the trauma in recovery, it can lead to relapse and/or self-destructive behavior.

Recovery from alcohol and drug addiction and recovery from trauma/PTSD are similar in that they require stabilization first and then exploration into other issues. Part of that stabilization for trauma/PTSD is working with professionals to learn skills to cope with the symptoms, gain better understanding of the symptoms and to begin to take medications if necessary. Recovery from trauma/PTSD is possible and many have healed from both the trauma and addiction.

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Dual Diagnosis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Abuse Treatment Conclusion

February 25, 2008

For substance abuse patients, and therapy in general, the effectiveness of treatment is determined as much by the therapist as by any theoretical orientation or patient characteristics. With this dual-diagnosis population, it is often difficult to provide effective therapy. Therapist processes emphasized in Seeking Safety include compassion for patients’ experiences; using coping skills; giving patients [...]

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Dual Diagnosis PTSD and Substance Abuse Treatments and Issues / Part 4

February 24, 2008

A third study of a hundred inner-city outpatient women compared Seeking Safety with relapse prevention treatment (RPT), both in individual format, with a treatment-as-usual (TAU) control condition in a randomized controlled trial (Hien, Cohen, Litt, Miele and Capstick). At the end of treatment, patients in both Seeking Safety and RPT had significant reductions in substance [...]

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Dual Diagnosis PTSD and Substance Abuse Treatments and Issues / Part 3

February 23, 2008

Stephanie Covington has created a trauma specific model for women as well in 2003. In the introduction to her program, Covington (2003) discusses the integrated treatment approach focusing on women. “The connection between addiction and trauma for women is intricate and not easily disentangled” (p. 16). She goes on to discuss that the treatment provider [...]

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Dual Diagnosis PTSD and Substance Abuse Treatments and Issues / Part 2

February 22, 2008

Programs other than ‘Seeking Safety’ have been introduced, but few have any research backing. The ATRIUM Model, Addiction, Trauma, Recovery — Integrated Model, was introduced in 2001 by Dusty Miller and Laurie Guidy. They contended that twelve sessions of treatment per week running to 1.5 hours at a time, structured according to their treatment model, [...]

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Dual Diagnosis PTSD and Substance Abuse Treatments and Issues

February 21, 2008

Najavits et al (1997), identify treatment as crucial, “not only because of the prevalence and severity of co-occurring PTSD and substance abuse, but also because treatments that are typically used for PTSD or substance abuse alone may be insufficient for their combination”. Problems of using treatments suited to one or other of the disorders with [...]

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Dual Diagnosis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Abuse / Part 3

February 20, 2008

Although early research on PTSD and substance abuse focused almost exclusively on male combat veterans whose substance abuse was connected to war trauma (Keane and Wolfe, 1990), research has expanded its focus to now include review of the clinical profile of women with PTSD and substance abuse issues (Najavits et al, 1997). Evidence indicates that [...]

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Dual Diagnosis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Abuse / Part 2

February 19, 2008

Najavits, Weiss, and Shaw (1997) specifically discuss the relationship between PTSD and substance abuse, identifying that “the syndromes appear to be strongly linked. For example, the presence of either disorder alone can increase the risk of developing the other disorder.” Najavits et al (1997) also supports the findings that he disorders consistently co-occur across various [...]

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Dual Diagnosis Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Abuse

February 18, 2008

Dual-diagnosis PTSD and substance abuse has a complex history and position within the field of psychiatry and the context of treatments for mental disorders. One of perhaps the most relevant studies on dual-diagnosis published by Najavits and Weiss (1999), assessing the clinical characteristics of twenty-eight women with dual diagnosis PTSD and substance abuse compared to [...]

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